Current situation and challenges of natural gas po

The current situation and challenges of natural gas power generation in China

China's economic development has entered a new normal period, and the growth rate of power consumption has slowed down. In 2014, the installed capacity of thermal power in China was 920million kW, including 750million kW of coal-fired power and 37 million kw of gas-fired power, accounting for 4% of the installed capacity of thermal power. Affected by factors such as the slowdown in the growth of power consumption and the rapid growth of hydropower generation, the average utilization hours of thermal power equipment in the whole year fell by 314 hours year-on-year to 4706 hours, and the power generation showed a negative growth for the first time (4173.1 billion kw, a year-on-year decrease of 0.7%, accounting for 75.2% of the national power generation). According to China's resource endowment of "more coal, less oil and less gas", and the dislocation of resource origin and users, for the sustainable development of economy and society, China's power energy is still dominated by fossil fuels for 30-50 years, which is difficult to change. Therefore, we must take the "clean coal" road, develop coal chemical industry, IGCC, and develop and utilize unconventional oil (gas) resources, deep-sea oil (gas) and other oil (gas) to increase the oil (gas) production, so as to ensure energy security. In addition to coal-fired power, nuclear power has been running at nearly full load in China; Hydropower is greatly affected by regional resources and seasonal changes in dry and flood seasons, and power generation is uneven; However, wind power, solar power and other renewable energy power have the characteristics of randomness and intermittent instability, and the proportion is very small, so it is not suitable to undertake base load power generation; The cost of fuel oil power generation is relatively high. Therefore, compared with various clean power generation methods, gas-fired power generation has become the main way to replace coal-fired power generation

as a low-carbon clean energy between traditional fossil energy and renewable energy, natural gas has lower carbon emissions than traditional fossil energy such as coal, and has a certain competitive advantage over renewable energy such as nuclear energy and wind energy. Actively developing gas and electricity will be an important measure to reduce carbon emissions in the future

Chinese natural researchers are developing PEU (DegraPol reg;) As support material; In orthopedics, the installed proportion of natural gas power generation is low

the installed structure and power generation of natural gas power generation in developed countries have a considerable proportion, which plays a decisive role. While China's installed capacity and power generation rank first in the world, while the development process of gas-fired power generation is far from satisfactory. At the end of 2013, China's total installed power capacity reached 1.25 billion kw, of which 860 million KW was thermal power, accounting for about 69%, and 42.5 million KW was gas-fired power generation, accounting for only 3.4%, accounting for 2.5%. In 2013, the country consumed more than 150 billion cubic meters of natural gas, and gas for power generation accounted for 17.2% of the total natural gas consumption, accounting for a relatively small proportion

the natural gas market is conducive to the development of gas and electricity

from an international perspective, the global natural gas storage output continues to grow, and the international resource supply is relatively abundant. The growth rate of natural gas consumption has rebounded. In 2015, the global natural gas consumption was about 3.5 trillion cubic meters, with a year-on-year increase of about 3.2%. As for the price of natural gas, although it has increased slightly in the near future, it is expected to remain in the low price range against the background of increased supply, slowing demand growth and overall oversupply

domestically, the market-oriented reform of natural gas is gradually accelerating, and the cost of natural gas power generation is expected to further decline. The national development and Reform Commission has successively issued the measures for the administration of natural gas pipeline transportation prices and the measures for the supervision and examination of pricing costs, laying the foundation for the market-oriented reform of "controlling the middle, liberalizing the two ends" and "third-party access". At present, the prices of non residential valve stations in all provinces (cities, districts) are at a low level for nearly five years. In addition, the natural gas supply during the 13th Five Year Plan period is generally sufficient. The National Energy Administration issued the shale gas development plan (2016-2020), aiming to achieve a shale gas output of 30billion cubic meters in 2020. With the steady growth of domestic natural gas production, a series of long-term natural gas import agreements have been signed between China and Russia, Central Asia, Myanmar and China, and the natural gas supply capacity is expected to be significantly improved in the future

the relevant policies of gas and electricity in some regions are being gradually improved

Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang have introduced the pricing policy of gas and electricity high-performance servo motors and special gearboxes with heat-resistant, low-frequency and earthquake proof effects, and other provinces are also gradually establishing the pricing mechanism of gas and electricity prices. Under the pressure of cost reduction caused by accelerating the reform of natural gas price, Guangdong, Zhejiang and other provinces have successively issued documents to further reduce the provincial pipeline transportation fee and the gas distribution price of urban gas enterprises. Fujian Province is carrying out the pilot of market-oriented reform of natural valve station price, and other provinces are also studying and improving the formation mechanism of provincial natural gas pipeline transportation price and reducing the gas distribution price of urban gas enterprises

the company initially has the basic conditions to accelerate the development of gas and electricity.

first, it is actively involved in the upstream industry of gas and electricity to open up and improve the industrial chain. Since 2012, Huadian Power Generation Operation Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the company) has been actively planning, studying and involved in the development of oil and gas industry, and has made clear the industrial positioning and direction. At present, the company has preliminarily completed the layout of LNG industry in Bohai rim, East China, South China and other regions; Through strengthening the cooperation with large oil and gas companies at home and abroad, we have preliminarily obtained the upstream resources of overseas natural gas through multiple channels and ways, and locked in a considerable scale of long-term Association trade gas; The preliminary work of shale gas winning block has also been deepened; Breakthroughs have been made in the development of natural gas pipelines in Tianjin and Guizhou. Second, the company cooperates with GE and Sulzer to establish an aviation modified gas turbine equipment manufacturing company and a gas turbine maintenance service company to further expand the gas and electricity industry chain

challenges faced by the development of gas and electricity:

lack of overall planning for gas and electricity in China

the scale of gas turbines in some regions is increasing, and the problem of insufficient supply of natural gas is prominent. Natural gas is affected by seasonal imbalance and inflexible gas supply mode, resulting in contradictions between supply and demand of gas and electricity in some periods

the electricity price policy for natural gas power generation is not perfect.

in order to support natural gas power generation, the governments of provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have introduced policies and measures such as electricity price subsidies. At present, the electricity price (including heat price) of natural gas power generation adopts the cost plus method, which is composed of cost, profit and tax. However, since the national unified and standardized mechanism for the formation of electricity price for natural gas power generation has not yet been formed, the electricity price for natural gas power generation adopts individual costs, which are mainly determined by the competent price departments of local governments, resulting in the state of "one price for one plant" or "one price for one machine", which is generally higher than the electricity price for coal. The pricing mode of electricity price for natural gas power plants can be divided into two types: two-part electricity price and single electricity price. At the same time, the prices of cold and hot products of gas turbine thermal power and gas distributed projects are not competitive with coal-fired power

development prospect of natural gas power generation in China during the 13th Five Year Plan Period:

natural gas power generation scale

combined with the supply and demand analysis of China's power development during the 13th Five Year Plan period and the future position of China's natural gas power generation in China's power supply, the development of China's natural gas power generation installed scale is predicted, as shown in Table 1

at the end of the 13th five year plan, the proportion of gas and electricity in China's installed power generation has increased to 4.71%. Considering the demand, the utilization form will gradually transition from centralized arrangement of large capacity units to distributed multi cogeneration. During the "13th five year plan" period, the gas demand for natural gas power generation in China depends on the installed capacity, average utilization time and average gas consumption level of natural gas power generation. The latter two are mainly determined by the positioning of natural gas generating units in electricity and unit technology in the future. On the premise of sufficient natural gas supply, it is estimated that by 2015, according to the pictures recorded by underwater cameras, the gas demand for natural gas power generation in China, including distributed power generation, will reach 39.5 billion cubic meters, accounting for 17.2% of the total natural gas consumption (230 billion cubic meters) that year; By 2020, China's gas demand for natural gas power generation, including distributed power generation, will reach 68-80 billion cubic meters, accounting for 19% - 23% of the total natural gas consumption (400 billion cubic meters) that year

prediction of electricity price subsidy for natural gas power generation

according to the two methods of subsidy and electricity price diversion adopted by all provinces at present, for the three regional power plants in North China, South China and East China, where the installed capacity of natural gas power generation is relatively concentrated, the electricity price of natural gas power generation is higher than the benchmark price of coal-fired power. The two schemes of government subsidy and full amortization and digestion of increased electricity price are adopted to calculate the part of electricity price higher than the benchmark price of coal-fired power generation. The results are shown in Table 2

suggestions on accelerating the development of natural gas power generation during the 13th five year plan:

natural gas is a green and clean fossil energy. From the perspective of demand, we should try to increase the share of natural gas power generation; But at the same time, the cost of natural gas power generation is much higher than that of hydropower, nuclear power and coal-fired power generation, and there is no reasonable electricity price mechanism, which restricts the development of natural gas power generation. In the future, natural gas power generation should adhere to the policy of efficient development. The main development ideas are: conscientiously implement the national energy transformation and development requirements and the strategic deployment of the group company, adhere to active development, adhere to the development according to local conditions, adhere to the comprehensive development of electric heating and cooling, and adhere to intelligent development

do a good job in overall planning and layout

first, give priority to the development of natural gas distributed energy system. The natural gas distributed energy realizes the cascade utilization of energy through the combined cooling, heating and power supply, and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency is up to more than 80%. With the increasingly mature technology of natural gas distributed power generation and integration, combined with the layout planning and construction of urban and rural natural gas pipelines, accelerate the development of distributed combined cooling, heating and power units to improve energy efficiency

second, orderly develop gas peak shaving generating units. In areas with large-scale development of new energy such as wind power and serious shortage of peak shaving capacity of the system, some gas turbine units should be appropriately built to undertake the task of peak shaving and frequency modulation, improve the flexibility of system operation and reduce wind abandonment

third, develop large-scale combined cycle gas-fired thermal power units according to local conditions. Combined with the west to east gas pipeline and imported liquefied natural gas, a small number of large-scale combined cycle thermal power units are planned to be built in the receiving area according to the heating demand, especially to replace coal-fired cogeneration units, so as to improve the atmospheric and ecological environment in the receiving area

strengthen the development and innovation

first, we should innovate the development cooperation mode. On the one hand, through joint development and equity cooperation, a diversified equity structure and community of interests are formed to further reduce investment risks and seek win-win cooperation. On the other hand, actively seek technical exchanges and cooperation with scientific research institutions and gas turbine equipment manufacturing enterprises, constantly improve the development and profitability of natural gas power generation projects, improve the maintenance and management ability of gas turbine units, and improve the technical equipment level of the company

the second is to